Some displays of evolutionary trees are much better than others!

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In honor of Darwin's 200th birthday, some research by psychologist Laura Novick on the presentation of evolutionary trees ("cladograms"):

cladograms.gif

Her research shows that students are much better at understanding the diagram on the left than the one on the right. She calls the one on the left a "tree" and the one on the right a "ladder," which confuses me a bit: the one on the right looks more like tree branches to me.

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The lines represent evolutionary lineages. The branch points are speciation events.

The one on the left includes horizontal lines, where as the one on the right has fewer lines. I would use the figure that most accurately depicts the evolutionary history of a group of organisms.

Perhaps students like the one on the left because it can be interpreted as having a dramatic shift and divergence during speciation, which might fit with their ideas about evolution. Plants often make big leaps like that but other organisms not so much.

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